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KMID : 0379119880160020109
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Korean Journal of Mycology
1988 Volume.16 No. 2 p.109 ~ p.110
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Ecological studies on fungal flora of paddy fields in Korea
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Min, Kyung Hee
Yokoyama, Tatsuo/Ito, Tadayoshi
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Abstract
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An investigation of soil microfungal population in paddy fields of two locations around Seoul was made at four seasons. By dilution plate method, a total number of propagules of microfungi per gram of soil was recorded as 10⁴ at the upper layer of the soil collected in autumn. The decreasing tendency of number of fungal propagules was depend on the increasing depth in paddy fields. Seasonal fluctuation of fungal population was shown from the highest density of fungal colonies on plate in autumn season and the lowest one in winter, indicating that the autumn in best season for fungal growth. Generally, the number of species of Talaromyces in paddy soils was found to be very high, particularly in autumn, while comparatively low in winter. A total of 85 isolates was obtained and 30 species in 13 genera were identified and 11 isolates were unidentified. Among these, 7 species of Deuteromycetous fungi, P. funicrelosum, P. piceum, P. roqueforti, P. verruculosum, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Paecilomyces variotii, and Zygorhynchus moelleri were found to be dominant species in paddy field soils. Seven species of Ascomycetous fungi were described as new to Korea. Species of the genus Talaromyces were found to be dominant in paddy field soils and they consisted of Talaromyces flavus var. flavus, T. panasenkoi, T. stipitatus and T. trachyspermus. Special attention was paid on the predominant occurrance of Westerdykella multispora, Chaetomium globosum, and Emericellopsis terricola. Two kinds of heat treatment method for the selective isolation of soil fungi to eliminate the commonest fungi and also to examine the vertical and seasonal distributions of fungal population were applied to soil samples from two plots around Seoul area. The incubation method at 42℃ and heat treatment at 70℃ were used in this experiment. In the incubation method, the almost all fungi isolated from plots were mesophile, while the thermotolerant fungi was Aspergillus fumigatus and thermophilic fungi were Sporotrichum thermophile and Malbranchea branchea pulchella var. sulfrea.
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